Tourette Syndrome's Relatives
ADHD and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Can Coexist with Tourette's
Jul 21, 2007
It seems that those with Tourette syndrome have a higher likelihood of developing other impulsive disorders. Tourette's is a syndrome of involuntary movements and vocalizations. Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are also impulsive and involuntary. Many people with Tourette syndrome live with either or both of these conditions along with their Tourette's. Learn about ADHD and OCD, and find out the reason for the link.
What is Tourette Syndrome?
Tourette syndrome, named after the French neurologist Georges Gilles de la Tourette, is a neurological illness that involves involuntary movements and vocalizations (spoken words) named "tics." These tics can be repetitive or singular, and they are difficult for patients to suppress.
Tourette symptoms usually manifest themselves in childhood (between ages 7 and 10.) The teen years can be the worst time for symptoms, but in a majority of cases, symptoms lessen as patients reach adulthood. About 10% of patients have a more severe form of Tourette's that continues in intensity thoughout their lives.
Tourette syndrome is not degenerative (or causing a decline in function), but it is thought to be genetic. Tourette's seems to stem from abnormalities in the brain, including problems with neurotransmitters (dopamine, norepinephrine, and seratonin.)
People with Tourette syndrome have a predisposition for other impulsive, involuntary conditions, including attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD.)
Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
ADHD, much like Tourette syndrome, involves impulsive behavior. Those affected have trouble controlling their activity, and often run around, fidget, climb, and even move restlessly while sleeping. Just like with Tourette's, ADHD manifests itself during childhood. Along with the impulsive, rambunctious behavior, ADHD patients exhibit problems with attention and follow-through. ADHD and Tourette syndrome are considered closely linked, with as many as 50-80% of patients afflicted with both conditions. ADHD usually precedes the onset of Tourette's.
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Just like ADHD, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a condition of impulsive, involuntary behaviors. Problems such as touching or doing things a certain number of times, obsessions with placing things in just the right spot, counting things, and obsessive thoughts are the primary issues with OCD. Those with Tourette syndrome often exhibit such obsessive behaviors, and the symptoms can be quite debilitating.
Why the Link?
It seems that all three conditions---- Tourette syndrome, ADHD, and obsessive-compulsive disorder----are caused by imbalances in the levels of certain neurotransmitters. The particular culprits are dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine. Such abnormal levels in the body can trigger any or all of these impulsive conditions. For further reference: http://hopepress.com/html/faq_s.html and http://www.mental-health-matters.com/articles/article.php?artID=160
***For more information about Tourette Syndrome, read What is Tourette Syndrome?
***For related neurological information, check out the Neurological ARTICLE INDEX and Blog.
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